News
In September 2024, the Economic Sentiment Indicator (ESI) remained broadly stable in both the EU (±0.0 points at 96.7) and the euro area (-0.3 points to 96.2).
In September 2024, DG ECFIN’s flash estimate of the consumer confidence indicator picked up by 0.5 percentage points (pps.) in both the EU and the euro area. At -11.7 (EU) and -12.9 (euro area) points, consumer confidence has almost caught up with its long-term average.
In August 2024, the Economic Sentiment Indicator (ESI) edged up in both the EU (+0.4 points to 96.9) and the euro area (+0.6 points to 96.6).
Publications
This paper serves as a primer on the space economy, which will expand significantly in size and importance over the coming years. It is high time for economists to devote more attention to it.
This annual report presents a review of key policy developments and analytical findings in the area of public finances and has a special focus on fostering public and private investments in the EU.