News
In October 2024, DG ECFIN’s flash estimate of the consumer confidence indicator increased further, by 0.5 percentage points (pps.) in the EU and by 0.4 pps. in the euro area.
In September 2024, the Economic Sentiment Indicator (ESI) remained broadly stable in both the EU (±0.0 points at 96.7) and the euro area (-0.3 points to 96.2).
In September 2024, DG ECFIN’s flash estimate of the consumer confidence indicator picked up by 0.5 percentage points (pps.) in both the EU and the euro area. At -11.7 (EU) and -12.9 (euro area) points, consumer confidence has almost caught up with its long-term average.
Publications
This Economic Brief examines recent developments in Dutch exports to Germany.
This paper reviews issues related to tax expenditures in the EU and present some stylised facts related to tax expenditures in personal income taxation (PIT), value-added taxation (VAT), and corporate taxation.