News
In January 2025, the Economic Sentiment Indicator (ESI) picked up by 1.1 points in the EU (to 95.8) and by 1.5 points in the euro area (to 95.2). The Employment Expectations Indicator (EEI) rebounded as well (EU: +1.1 points to 99.5, euro area: +1.6 points to 98.8).
DG ECFIN releases November flash consumer confidence indicator for the EU and the euro area
In October 2024, DG ECFIN’s flash estimate of the consumer confidence indicator increased further, by 0.5 percentage points (pps.) in the EU and by 0.4 pps. in the euro area.
Publications
This paper provides an empirical analysis of the fiscal behaviour in the EU depending on home bias, i.e. the banks´ preference to hold domestic sovereign debt.
This paper identifies three key investment barriers - legislative, skills-related, and operational - and outlines potential policy measures and market-based solutions to address them.